Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) in Oncology: What Should Be Done and What Should Not Be Done

Abstract

Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders are central to honoring dignity and guiding comfort-focused care in advanced oncology. However, DNRs are often implemented very late frequently within days of death and decisions are sometimes made by family rather than the patient, limiting their benefit. Best practices comprise early, empathetic communication, shared decision-making, explicit documentation, periodic review, and the use of standardized forms to evade ambiguity. Ethical and legal considerations, and the requirement of emotional and spiritual support are paramount to the respectful implementation of care. Together, these measures better align care with patient values and enhance the end-of-life experience.