Blood types and Cancer Risk: A Comprehensive Analysis of ABO/Rh Association with Colorectal Cancer

Authors

Mustafa Yılmaz Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Yenişehir Campus, Türkiye.
Sami Benli Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Yenişehir Campus, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4086-4316
Cumhur Özcan Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-025X
Tahsin Çolak Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Yenişehir Campus, Türkiye. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-5608

Keywords:

Colorectal neoplasms, ABO blood-group system, Rh-Hr blood-group system, Prognosis, Risk factors

Abstract

Background: The association between ABO/Rh blood groups and colorectal cancer (CRC) remains inconsistent. This study evaluates their impact on CRC risk and prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study of 1,687 CRC patients and 1,836 matched controls (2010–2024) analyzed blood group distributions, tumor characteristics, and survival using chi-square tests and logistic regression (p < 0.05).

Results: The AB Rh (+) phenotype was significantly more prevalent in CRC patients than controls (p = 0.032). The AB blood group was associated with higher risk (OR: 3.56; 95% CI: 1.77–7.15), aggressive tumor features (advanced T stage, metastasis and increased anastomotic leakage), and shorter median survival (30.5 vs. 40.0 months for O group; p < 0.05).

Conclusions: AB blood group is linked to increased CRC risk and poorer prognosis, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for risk stratification.

Blood types and Cancer Risk: A Comprehensive Analysis of ABO/Rh Association with Colorectal Cancer

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