Knowledge, Attitudes, Health System Perceptions, and Screening Accessibility Regarding Cervical Cancer Among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. Despite its preventable nature through vaccination and regular screening, uptake remains alarmingly low. Nursing students, as future healthcare providers, play a crucial role in promoting awareness and facilitating screening. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CC screening among nursing students in Bangladesh.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 376 nursing students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, covering demographics, CC knowledge, screening practices, and barriers to participation. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using SPSS version 26.0 to analyze findings.

Results: Majority (77.13%) had heard of CC, but only 2.66% correctly identified HPV as the primary cause. Knowledge of symptoms and screening frequency was inconsistent, with 42.55% correctly identifying screening every 3 years as the recommended interval. Although 82.45% expressed willingness to consult a healthcare provider for screening, barriers such as cost (18.62%), lack of knowledge about screening facilities (13.30%), and fear of diagnosis (10.64%) hindered practical uptake. Healthcare system inadequacies were a major concern, with 55.85% perceiving the system as unequipped for CC diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusion: Despite a positive attitude toward CC screening, knowledge gaps and systemic barriers hinder effective screening uptake and early detection. Targeted educational interventions, financial support, and healthcare infrastructure improvements are necessary to bridge this gap. Strengthening nursing curricula, increasing awareness programs, and expanding screening accessibility are crucial to enhancing CC prevention efforts in Bangladesh.