Histopathological Patterns of Thyroid Cancer in Karbala Province, Iraq

Authors

  • Ahmed Mjali Department of Hematology /Oncology, Al- Hussein Medical City, Karbala, Iraq.
  • Lamya A A Darwish Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
  • Hassan Ali Abood Nassrullah Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
  • Hussein Naser Shallal Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
  • Roula Ihsan Abdulrahim Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
  • Baqir Sajjad Shakir Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
  • Safa Basim Hussein Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
  • Afatem Mohammed Hatem Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.
  • Fatimah Basim Mohammed Ali Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31557/apjec.2614.20260629

Keywords:

Thyroid cancer; Histopathological patterns; Karbala; Iraq

Abstract

Background: Histopathological patterns of thyroid cancer vary globally due to variation in genetic, environmental, and demographic factors. Objective: The aim of this study was to provide basic data for the different subtypes of thyroid cancer in the Iraqi province of Karbala and to comparing them with regional and global data.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at Al-Hussein Cancer Center in Karbala, Iraq. The study included 133 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer between December 2012 and February 2025. Data were collected and analyzed regarding patients’ age, sex, tumor location, and histopathological subtype.

Results: The median age of patients was 41.5 years. Females constituted the majority of cases (81.95%), with a male-to-female ratio of 0.22:1. Papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most common subtype (65.41%), followed by follicular thyroid carcinoma (18.05%), medullary thyroid carcinoma (8.27%), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (2.26%). The most common subtype in both sexes was papillary thyroid carcinoma. The most commonly affected location was the right thyroid lobe (39.85%).

Conclusion: The histopathological subtypes of thyroid cancer in Karbala province were statistically analyzed for the first time in this study. The results offer baseline epidemiological information that could help future studies, regional comparisons, and healthcare planning.

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Published

2026-06-29

How to Cite

Mjali, A., Darwish, L. A. A., Nassrullah, H. A. A., Shallal, H. N., Abdulrahim, R. I., Shakir, B. S., … Mohammed Ali, F. B. (2026). Histopathological Patterns of Thyroid Cancer in Karbala Province, Iraq. Asian Pacific Journal of Environment and Cancer, 20260629. https://doi.org/10.31557/apjec.2614.20260629

Issue

Asian Pacific Journal of Environment and Cancer

Section

Original Research

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Copyright (c) 2026 Asian Pacific Journal of Environment and Cancer

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