Prostate Cancer: Prevalence, Histopathological and Biochemical Profile in Libreville, Gabon

Rick-Léonid Ngoua Meye Misso; Gabrielle Atsame Ebang; Erwin Julda Mombo Mombo; Jean-Calvin Nguele; Cédric Sima Obiang; Joseph Privat Ondo; Louis-Clément Obame Engonga; Nguizi Ogoula Sidonie Solange

doi:10.31557/APJCB.2026.11.4.953

Authors

Rick-Léonid Ngoua Meye Misso Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, Professor Daniel Gahouma Institute of Infectious Diseases, Owendo, Gabon. Laboratory of Cytopathological Anatomy, University of Health Sciences, Owendo, Gabon. Laboratory of Cytopathological Anatomy, Professor Daniel Gahouma Institute of Infectious Diseases, Owendo, Gabon.
Gabrielle Atsame Ebang Laboratory of Cytopathological Anatomy, University of Health Sciences, Owendo, Gabon. Laboratory of Cytopathological Anatomy, Professor Daniel Gahouma Institute of Infectious Diseases, Owendo, Gabon.
Erwin Julda Mombo Mombo Laboratory of Cytopathological Anatomy, Professor Daniel Gahouma Institute of Infectious Diseases, Owendo, Gabon. Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of Masuku, Franceville, Gabon.
Jean-Calvin Nguele Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, Professor Daniel Gahouma Institute of Infectious Diseases, Owendo, Gabon.
Cédric Sima Obiang Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of Masuku, Franceville, Gabon.
Joseph Privat Ondo Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of Masuku, Franceville, Gabon.
Louis-Clément Obame Engonga Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of Masuku, Franceville, Gabon.
Nguizi Ogoula Sidonie Solange Laboratory of Cytopathological Anatomy, University of Health Sciences, Owendo, Gabon. Laboratory of Cytopathological Anatomy, Professor Daniel Gahouma Institute of Infectious Diseases, Owendo, Gabon.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCB.2026.11.4.953

Keywords:

Prostate cancer, Tumor, Prevalence, PSA, histopathological profile

Abstract

Introduction: The present work aimed to carry out a study of prostate cancer by determining the histopathological, biochemical profile and prevalence at the Laboratoire d’Anatomie Cytopathologique (LACP), Université des Sciences de la Santé (USS).

Material and Methods: For this, a retrospective and descriptive study from January 2016 to July 2023 was carried out. The collection of cases was carried out by using manual registers and filing cabinets in the LACP library. The registers collected sociodemographic data, clinical data and biological data from patients. The prevalence of prostate cancer was determined by calculating the ratio of the number of cases diagnosed as cancer to the number of total cases received, multiplied by 100. XLSTAT 2015.4.01 software and Student’s t-test were used. p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: During the study period, a total of 123 out of 191 patients received for the diagnosis of PCa presented with prostate cancer, or 64.4%. The average age was 66.5 years and the greatest age range was between 66 and 73 years or 33%. The patients had clinical signs: prostatic hypertrophy 60.2% of cases, dysuria 9.9%. High blood pressure 20.4%, diabetes 2.1% were the most important antecedents. PSA measurement was reported in 160 patients 83.8%. The average level was 208.4 ng/ml with extremes of 1.18 to 1430 ng/ml. The highest Gleason score was Gleason 7 with 36.6% and Gleason scores greater than or equal to 7 was 69.1%. The most represented tumors were moderately differentiated tumors with 52% of cases and poorly or undifferentiated tumors with 32.5% of cases. The histopathological profile showed that more than 92.7% of the tumors were adenocarcinomas.

Conclusion: Prostate cancer is common in Gabon, annual monitoring is more than essential as is increasing the frequency of screening.