YAP1 Immunoexpression as a Biomarker of Histological  Grade, Lymph Node Metastasis, and Lymphovascular Invasion  in Invasive Breast Carcinoma

Yulianti Redjeb; Berti Julian Nelwan; Muhammad Husni Cangara; Upik Andriani Miskad; Djumadi Achmad; Amalia Yamin; Suryani Tawali

doi:10.31557/apjcb.2025.10.4.921-925

Authors

Yulianti Redjeb Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6315-4079
Berti Julian Nelwan Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1999-2412
Muhammad Husni Cangara Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5160-8265
Upik Andriani Miskad Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-395X
Djumadi Achmad Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia.
Amalia Yamin Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia.
Suryani Tawali Department of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-469X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2025.10.4.921-925

Keywords:

YAP1, Histological Grading, Lymph Node Spread, Lymphatic Vascular Invasion, Invasive Breast Carcinoma

Abstract

Objective: This research seeks to assess the relationship between YAP1 expression and histological grading, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis in patients with invasive breast cancer in Makassar, a study that has not been previously performed.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 mastectomy samples identified as invasive breast carcinoma at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohosodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia. YAP1 expression was assessed through immunohistochemistry and scored according to the immunoreactive score (IRS) method. A statistical evaluation was conducted using Fisher’s exact test.

Result: The average age of patients was 50.22 ± 10.20 years. YAP1 expression was positive in every instance, with 72% showing strong expression (+3), 25% exhibiting moderate expression (+2), and 3% demonstrating weak expression (+1). A significant correlation existed between YAP1 expression and histological grade (p=0.001), showing increased expression in grade 3 tumors. Nonetheless, no significant correlation was discovered between YAP1 expression and lymph node metastasis (p=0.912) or lymphovascular invasion (p=0.276).

Conclusion: YAP1 expression shows a strong correlation with histological grade in invasive breast cancer, indicating its potential as a biomarker for tumor aggressiveness. Nonetheless, YAP1 expression is not directly linked to lymph node metastasis or lymphovascular invasion.